How This Leafy Greens Grower Is Taking Charge With Hydroponics
Hydroponic Farming Greens | Thomas Skernivitz |
The drought of 1988, having covered much of the U.S., no doubt scared off more farmers than it spawned. Tyler Gogolek, then a teenager living in Northeast OH, saw it as a challenge — one with a Dust Bowl-sized caveat.
“That’s when I recall noting that I wanted to be a farmer,” he says. “However, I needed to control the weather.”
Thirty-five years later, Gogolek runs his own business and, in a sense, really does dictate the weather from inside a greenhouse. As the owner of Tyler’s Farm in Oberlin, OH, he and his family have been growing hydroponic lettuce and farming hydroponic greens on a year-round basis since December 2014.
“This allows me to do eight to nine turns of lettuce a year compared to three or four outside,” Gogolek says. “Hydroponics also allows for crop versatility. Anything that has a fibrous root system, you can pretty much dabble with and give it a shot.”
Mum’s the Word
Gogolek earned his degree in greenhouse production from Ohio State University’s Agricultural Technical Institute. Until that point, he had spent much of his career growing garden mums while working for various greenhouse companies. In 2012, he won a “biggest Belgian mum” contest sponsored by GroLink Plant Co.
Gogolek’s prowess has carried into hydroponics, which, compared to a conventionally grown field, he says, uses 30% of the land, 10% of the water, and 33% of the fertilizer.
“We mix the fertilizer in the solution water tank at a very low rate, and the water is constantly recirculating,” he says. “The plants don’t have to expend any energy looking for food or water. You can grow more in a smaller space, with a higher yield, because of this.”
Other numbers are less inviting.
“One of the biggest drawbacks of hydroponic growing is the overhead to get started,” Gogolek says. “Those who are doing it make it look so easy. But it’s like buying a whole other home to live in and having two mortgages.”
Drab Days and Red Greens
Tyler’s Farm revolves around a nutrient film technique (NFT) system. Other hydroponic options include deep water culture (DWC), drip irrigation, aeroponics, ebb and flow, and vertical farming.
NFT is one of most popular systems out there, Gogolek says, “literally a film of water flowing through a channel past the root systems so as not to create an oxygen-depleted environment. The roots take exactly what they need.”
Reliant on supplemental lighting because of the gray Midwest winters, Gogolek turns to a light-emitting diode (LED) system. The alternative, high pressure sodium (HPS) lights, are very expensive to operate but cheap to purchase, Gogolek says, while LEDs are very expensive to purchase but cheap to operate.
“Lettuce and greens respond very well to LED lighting,” Gogolek says. “Here in our neck of the woods, it is very dark in December, January, and February. If you average seven to eight weeks growth time from seed to harvest, you want to stay as close to that as possible during the wintertime. Before I had lights, that average really got bad. I purchased the lights because we were hitting 10-week turnarounds, and that is unacceptable.”
Likewise, crop versatility is dependent on supplemental lighting.
“I have beautiful reds,” Gogolek says, referring to his ‘Rouxai’ and ‘Litska’ varieties of lettuce. “If we didn’t have supplemental lighting, there would be no achieving any dark-red pigment.”
Hydroponics require little to no chemical use; a “beautiful thing,” Gogolek says. He relies instead on beneficial insects — praying mantises and green lacewings — for biological insect control.
“I worked in the flower industry for many years. I put on a spray suit every day for six years straight,” Gogolek says. “With hydroponic growing, not only does it grow so fast that it’s in and out, and you don’t have so much of a monoculture type of situation, but these biological insects nowadays are awesome. They work 24/7 and get in every nook and cranny of the plant and take care of the problem insects as long as you’re maintaining while the populations are still low.”
Original Article: https://www.growingproduce.com/vegetables/leafy-vegetables/how-this-leafy-greens-grower-is-taking-charge-with-hydroponics/
